Gun Control Policy in U.S.

A Brief Historical Analysis of Gun Control Law in U.S.

Authors

  • Oscar Daniel Torres Gonzalez Universidad Vizcaya de las Americas

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29105/cc4.7-80

Keywords:

politics, guns, Violence, USA, armed violence

Abstract

Cases of gun violence in U.S. are so shocking that often are a common topic of conversation even outside the nation. And every time that happens, it is inevitable to look on one of the most serious problems recurrently pointed by the international community; regulation, in a nation that is so permissive about the owning and uses of firearms. This article makes a brief analysis on the laws of commercial regulation of firearms in U.S. Concluding, through a historical, political and social review of the most important laws on this matter, how the U.S. gun control policy is deficient when it comes to impose a real regulation on commerce of firearms, the result has been the creation of a system that limits the authorities, a system that give immunity to the gun industry, a system that is an obstacle for the tasks of justice and law enforcement, and a system that has constantly abandoned the victims of gun violence and the society that is worried about this problematic.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

A.T.F. (septiembre 15, 2022), Gun Trace Data México 2016-2021. Firearms Trace Data: Mexico - 2016-2021 | Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (atf.gov)

A.T.F. (abril 07, 2022), Ley Nacional de Armas de Fuego . Ley Nacional de Armas de Fuego | Agencia de Alcohol, Tabaco, Armas de Fuego y Explosivos (atf.gov)

Barton, C. (enero 27, 2020). A Guide to the Gun Industries Unique´s Legal Protection. The Trace. A Guide to the Gun Industry's Unique Legal Protections (thetrace.org)

Bill of Rights. Preamble. 15 de diciembre de 1971a. (EE.UU.)

Bill of Rights. Amendment II. 15 de diciembre de 1971b. (EE.UU.)

Brady United (2019), History of Brady. History of Brady | Brady (bradyunited.org)

Brady United (s.f.), What is PLCAA?. What is PLCAA? | Brady (bradyunited.org)

Brady (Junio 22, 2023). Brady statement on annyversary of Bipartisian Safer Communities Act. Brady Statement on Anniversary of Bipartisan Safer… | Brady (bradyunited.org)

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Julio 20, 2023a), FastStats; Assault or Homicide. FastStats - Homicide (cdc.gov)

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Julio 20, 2023b), FastStats; Suicide and Self-Harm Injurie. FastStats - Suicide and Self-Inflicted Injury (cdc.gov)

Chuck, E., Johnson, A. y Siemaszko, C. (Febrero 14, 2018). 17 killed in mass shooting at high school in Parkland, Florida. NBC News. 17 killed in mass shooting at high school in Parkland, Florida (nbcnews.com)

CNN (mayo 15, 2023). Believe it or not, this is how the US is tracing gun crimes. Believe it or not, this is how the US is tracing gun crimes | CNN

Constitution of the United States. II Amendment (1789) . Disponible en U.S. Senate: Constitution of the United States

Constitution Annotated. (s.f.). Amdt.2.2. Historical Background on Second Amendment. Historical Background on Second Amendment | Constitution Annotated | Congress.gov | Library of Congress

Dey, S. (Mayo 24, 2022). 21 killed at Uvalde ellementary in Texas´ deadliest school shooting ever. The Texas Tribune. Uvalde school shooting ends with 19 children, 2 adults dead | The Texas Tribune

Disis, J. (Febrero 12, 2015) Indiana bill targets lawsuit against gun maker. USA TODAY. Indiana bill targets lawsuit against gun maker (usatoday.com)

Eisen, Lauren Brooke (Septiembre 09, 2019). The 1994 Crime Bill and Beyond: How Federal Founding Shapes the Criminal Justice System. Brennan Center for Justice The 1994 Crime Bill and Beyond: How Federal Funding Shapes the Criminal Justice System | Brennan Center for Justice

El-Ghobashy, T. y Barrett, D. (December 17, 2012). Dozens Kill in Conn. School Shooting. The Wall Street Journal. Dozens Killed in Newtown, Connecticut, School Shooting - WSJ

Everytown for gun safety (s.f.), Repeal Gun Industry Immunity. Repeal Gun Industry Immunity | Everytown | Everytown

FBI Crime Data Explorer (s.f.) Trend of Violent Crime from 1985 to 2021 https://cde.ucr.cjis.gov/LATEST/webapp/#/pages/explorer/crime/crime-trend

Federal Bureau of Investigation (2007a), National Instant Criminal Background Check System (NICS). Operations 2007. Criminal Justice Information Services Division. 2007 NICS Operations Report — FBI

Federal Bureau of Investigation (2007b), National Instant Criminal Background Check System (NICS). Operations 2007. Criminal Justice Information Services Division. 2007 NICS Operations Report — FBI

Federal Bureau of Investigation (2007c) Response to Inquires on the FBI´s National Instant Criminal Background Check System. FBI — Response to Inquiries on the FBI's National Instant Criminal Background Check System

Gerhart, A. y Alcantara, C. (Mayo 29, 2018a), How the NRA transformed from Marskmen to Lobbylist. The Washington Post. NRA timeline: How lobbying shaped gun laws after mass shootings - Washington Post

Gerhart, A. y Alcantara, C. (Mayo 29, 2018b), How the NRA transformed from Marskmen to Lobbylist. The Washington Post. NRA timeline: How lobbying shaped gun laws after mass shootings - Washington Post

Gliffords Law Center to prevent Gun violence (octubre 3, 2007), Ileto v. Glock, inc. Amicus brief. Ileto v. Glock, Inc. Amicus Brief | Giffords

Gliffords Law Center to prevent gun violence (s.f.), Gun Industry Immunity. Gun Industry Immunity | Giffords

Global Action on Gun Violence (s.f.), Litigation. Litigation - Global Action on Gun Violence (actiononguns.org)

Gun Violence Archive (2023), GVA Seven Year Review. Gun Violence Archive

Hauck, G. y Santucci, J. (Enero 16, 2023). The US Passed a landmark gun deal one year ago. Is it working?. USA Today. Gun violence deal: One year on, is the legislation working? (usatoday.com)

Jaffe, A. y Madhani, A. (Enero 19, 2022), Las promesas de Joe Biden después de un año: 6 temas clave para EE.UU. Los Angeles Times. Las promesas de Joe Biden después de un año: 6 temas clave para EEUU - Los Angeles Times (latimes.com)

Jervis, R. (Abril 14, 2017). 10 years after Va. Tech Shooting: How Guns law Have Changed. USA Today. 10 years after Va. Tech shooting: How gun laws have changed (usatoday.com)

Justia US Law (s.f.), Hamilton V. Beretta Corp. Hamilton v. Beretta Corp. :: 2001 :: New York Court of Appeals Decisions :: New York Case Law :: New York Law :: US Law :: Justia

Justia US Supreme Court (2008), District of Columbia v. Heller, 554 U.S. 570 (2008). District of Columbia v. Heller :: 554 U.S. 570 (2008) :: Justia US Supreme Court Center

La Gaceta (Abril 11, 1932) Chungas y no Chungas 0339.pdf (loc.gov)

Laskas, J. M. (Septiembre 03, 2016) Here´s how cops actually trace a gun. Bussines Insider. Here's How Cops Actually Trace a Gun (businessinsider.com)

Lopez, G. (Septiembre 29, 2020), The controversial 1994 crime law that Joe Biden helped write, explained. Vox. Joe Biden’s controversial 1994 crime law, explained - Vox

National Constitution Center. (s.f.). The Second Amendment: Common Interpretation. Disponible en: Interpretation: The Second Amendment | Constitution Center

National Firearms Act (1934). Disponible en Scan to Pdf documents (northwestern.edu)

Pérez Ricart (2022). Cien años de espias y drogas, la historia de los agentes antinarcoticos de Estados Unidos en Mexico. pp. 258-260. Penguin Random House.

Platon (1988) Diálogos IV, La República. (Trad. C. Eggers). Editorial Gredos.

Price, M. y Norris, D. (2008a). National Instant Criminal Background Check Improvement Act: Implications for Persons with Mental Illnes. *123.full.pdf (jaapl.org)

Price, M. y Norris, D. (2008b). National Instant Criminal Background Check Improvement Act: Implications for Persons with Mental Illnes. *123.full.pdf (jaapl.org)

Public Law 109-92. Protection of Lawful Commerce in Arms Act (2005). Disponible en E:PUBLAWPUBL092.109 (govinfo.gov)

Public Law 117-159. Bipartisian Safer Communities Act (2022). Disponible en untitled (congress.gov)

Public Law 103-159. Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act (1993). Disponible en STATUTE-107-Pg1536.pdf (congress.gov)

Public Law 90-618. Gun Control Act (1968). Disponible en STATUTE-82-Pg1213-2.pdf (govinfo.gov)

Public Law 110-180. NICS Improvement Amendments Act (2008). Disponible en PUBL180.PS (congress.gov)

Public Law 103-322. Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act (1994). Disponible en COMPS-10824.pdf (govinfo.gov)

Reagan Library (Abril 04, 2017) President Reagan's Remarks to the National Rifle Association on May 6, 1983 [archivo de video]. YouTube. (1927) President Reagan's Remarks to the National Rifle Association on May 6, 1983 - YouTube

Saul, L. y Fergus, S. (s.f.). BILL OF RIGHTS FAQS. BOR-faqs.pdf (constitutioncenter.org)

Sandager, S. (2019a). The Politics of Gun Control in the United States: A Historical Perspectives on the Second Amendment. (p. 48). Leviathan: Interdisciplinary Journal in English. No. 5. 46-59. https://doi.org/10.7146/lev.v0i5.115497

Sandager, S. (2019b). The Politics of Gun Control in the United States: A Historical Perspectives on the Second Amendment. Leviathan: Interdisciplinary Journal in English. No. 5. 46-59. https://doi.org/10.7146/lev.v0i5.115497

Sandager, S. (2019c). The Politics of Gun Control in the United States: A Historical Perspectives on the Second Amendment. Leviathan: Interdisciplinary Journal in English. No. 5. 46-59. https://doi.org/10.7146/lev.v0i5.115497

Sandager, S. (2019d). The Politics of Gun Control in the United States: A Historical Perspectives on the Second Amendment. Leviathan: Interdisciplinary Journal in English. No. 5. 46-59. https://doi.org/10.7146/lev.v0i5.115497

Sandager, S. (2019e). The Politics of Gun Control in the United States: A Historical Perspectives on the Second Amendment. Leviathan: Interdisciplinary Journal in English. No. 5. 46-59. https://doi.org/10.7146/lev.v0i5.115497 DOI: https://doi.org/10.7146/lev.v0i5.115497

Seller, Frances S. (Mayo 29, 2018a) How the assassinations of 1968 led the NRA to become the lobbying force it is today. The Washington Post. How the assassinations of 1968 led the NRA to become the lobbying force it is today - The Washington Post

Seller, Frances S. (Mayo 29, 2018b) How the assassinations of 1968 led the NRA to become the lobbying force it is today. The Washington Post. How the assassinations of 1968 led the NRA to become the lobbying force it is today - The Washington Post

Shafer, Ronald G. (Agosto 09, 2019), They were killers with submachine guns. Then the president went after their weapons. The Washington Post. Gun control history: Franklin Roosevelt’s Fire Arms Act of 1934 banned machine guns used by John Dillinger, Bonnie and Clyde - The Washington Post

Sowell, T. (Diciembre 18, 2012). The great gun control fallacy. The Guardian. The great gun control fallacy | Thomas Sowell | The Guardian

Spitzer, R. (2017a). GUN LAW HISTORY IN THE UNITED STATES AND SECOND AMENDMENT RIGHTS. Law and Contemporary Problems. 80(2). 55-83. Disponible en: Gun Law History in the United States and Second Amendment Rights (duke.edu)

Spitzer, R. (2017b). GUN LAW HISTORY IN THE UNITED STATES AND SECOND AMENDMENT RIGHTS. Law and Contemporary Problems. 80(2). 55-83. Disponible en: Gun Law History in the United States and Second Amendment Rights (duke.edu)

Spitzer, R. (2000a). Lost and Found: Researching the Second Amendment. Chicago-Kent Law Review. Vol. 76. 349-401. Disponible en: Lost and Found: Researching the Second Amendment (iit.edu)

Spitzer, R. (2000b). Lost and Found: Researching the Second Amendment. Chicago-Kent Law Review. Vol. 76. 349-401. Disponible en: Lost and Found: Researching the Second Amendment (iit.edu)

Spitzer, R. (2000c). Lost and Found: Researching the Second Amendment. Chicago-Kent Law Review. Vol. 76. 349-401. Disponible en: Lost and Found: Researching the Second Amendment (iit.edu)

The American Presidency Project (s.f.) Letter to the President of the Senate and to the Speaker of the House Urging Passage of an Effective Gun Control Law. Letter to the President of the Senate and to the Speaker of the House Urging Passage of an Effective Gun Control Law. | The American Presidency Project (ucsb.edu)

The Congress Project (junio 28, 2016), The National Firearms Act of 1934. National Firearms Act of 1934 — The Congress Project

The Congress Project (s.f.), 99th Congress (1985-1987). 99th Congress (1985-1987) — The Congress Project

United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts (2021), ESTADOS UNIDOS MEXICANOS, Plaintiff, vs. SMITH & WESSON BRANDS, INC.; BARRETT FIREARMS MANUFACTURING, INC.; BERETTA U.S.A. CORP.; BERETTA HOLDING S.P.A.; CENTURY INTERNATIONAL ARMS, INC.; COLT’S MANUFACTURING COMPANY LLC; GLOCK, INC.; GLOCK GES.M.B.H.; STURM, RUGER & CO., INC.; WITMER PUBLIC SAFETY GROUP, INC. D/B/A INTERSTATE ARMS, Defendants. Mexicanos_vs_Smith__Wesson_Brand.pdf (sre.gob.mx)

United States District Court District of Massachusetts (2022), ESTADOS UNIDOS MEXICANOS, Plaintiff, vs. SMITH & WESSON BRANDS, INC.; BARRETT FIREARMS MANUFACTURING, INC.; BERETTA U.S.A. CORP.; BERETTA HOLDING S.P.A.; CENTURY INTERNATIONAL ARMS, INC.; COLT’S MANUFACTURING COMPANY LLC; GLOCK, INC.; GLOCK GES.M.B.H.; STURM, RUGER & CO., INC.; WITMER PUBLIC SAFETY GROUP, INC. D/B/A INTERSTATE ARMS, Defendants. Mexico.OpinionMTD.pdf (tlblog.org)

United States District Court District of Arizona (2022), Estados Unidos Mexicanos, Plaintiff, vs. Diamondback Shooting Sports, Inc., an Arizona corporation; SNG Tactical, LLC, an Arizona limited liability company; Loan Prairie, LLC D/B/A The Hub, an Arizona limited liability company; Ammo A-Z, LLC, an Arizona limited liability company; Sprague’s Sports, Inc., an Arizona corporation, Estados_Unidos_Mexicanos_vsDiamond_Back_Shooting_Sports_et_al.pdf (sre.gob.mx)

U.S. Departmen of Justice (2015). Intimate Partner Violence, 1993-2010. Intimate Partner Violence, 1993-2010 (ojp.gov)

U.S. Senate (1968). Congressional Record, September 12, 1968. GPO-CRECB-1968-pt20-6-2.pdf (congress.gov) DOI: https://doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1968.tb83535.x

Waxman, O. (Octubre 25, 2018) How the Gun Control Act of 1968 Change America´s Aproach to Firearms-And what People Get Wrong About That History. TIME. https://time.com/5429002/gun-control-act-history-196

Winkler, A. (2006a). The Reasonable Right to Bear Arms. STANFORD LAW AND POLICY REVIEW. Vol. 17. 593-610. Disponible en: Microsoft Word - Winkler.doc (stanford.edu)

Winkler, A. (2006b). The Reasonable Right to Bear Arms. STANFORD LAW AND POLICY REVIEW. Vol. 17. 593-610. Disponible en: Microsoft Word - Winkler.doc (stanford.edu)

Winkler, A. (2006c). The Reasonable Right to Bear Arms. STANFORD LAW AND POLICY REVIEW. Vol. 17. 593-610. Disponible en: Microsoft Word - Winkler.doc (stanford.edu)

Downloads

Published

2024-07-25

How to Cite

Torres Gonzalez, O. D. (2024). Gun Control Policy in U.S.: A Brief Historical Analysis of Gun Control Law in U.S. Constructos Criminológicos, 4(7), 171–194. https://doi.org/10.29105/cc4.7-80

Issue

Vol. 4 No. 7 (2024): July-December 2024

Section

Artículos

License

Copyright (c) 2024 Oscar Daniel Torres Gonzalez

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Los autores/as que publiquen en esta revista aceptan las siguientes condiciones:
a. Los autores/as conservarán sus derechos de autor y garantizarán a la revista el derecho de primera publicación de su obra, el cual estará simultáneamente sujeto a la Licencia Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacional. que permite a terceros compartir la obra siempre que se indique su autor y su primera publicación esta revista.
b. Los autores/as pueden realizar otros acuerdos contractuales independientes y adicionales para la distribución no exclusiva de la versión del artículo publicado en esta revista (p. ej., incluirlo en un repositorio institucional o publicarlo en un libro) siempre que indiquen claramente que el trabajo se publicó por primera vez en esta revista.
c. Se permite y recomienda a los autores/as a publicar su trabajo en Internet (por ejemplo en páginas institucionales o personales) posterior  al proceso de revisión y publicación, ya que puede conducir a intercambios productivos y a una mayor y más rápida difusión del trabajo publicado (Véase El efecto del acceso abierto).